Sunscreens and sun blocks
The strength of sunscreen is measured by its sun protection factor (SPF). This is a laboratory measure, which grades the ability of a sunscreen to filter out UVB rays. The higher the SPF, the greater the protection. SPF 15 provides 15 times the skin’s natural protection. Or looking at it another way, SPF 15 filters out 92% of ultra violet radiation. Dr’s recommend a SPF of at least 30. Always purchase a reputable brand sunscreen, which has been through extensive testing before marketing. Recent research in Hong Kong has indicated Lancôme, Biotherm and L’Oreal amongst the most effective brands. What exactly should we look for when purchasing sun protection products? To be effective they must block and reflect both UVA and UVB of the ultra violet spectrum. UVA rays penetrate the skin at a deeper level and cause greater skin damage than UVB. Good sun creams will label UVA information on the tube. Some countries use a star rating, graded from one to four stars, with four stars offering the best protection. When reading the label look for chemicals such as Titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, which is proven to block UVA by reflecting or scattering the suns rays. Remember also to check the “use by” date of the cream and store sunscreens at a temperature less than 25 degrees C.

Babies and the sun
Babies’ skin is very sensitive and will quickly absorb the ingredients in sunscreens. If you need to use a sunscreen for a small baby buy a cream which explicitly states it is safe for the use of babies under 6 months. Generally it is better to keep babies under 6 months old out of the sun altogether. If your baby has to be exposed to the sun then protect him with clothing, umbrellas and a small amount of sun cream on the face. It’s great to introduce babies to swimming early on but, to avoid the sun, do so early in the morning or at the end of the day. Unfortunately this is when the mosquitoes are most active. Mosquito sprays are also harsh on babies skin but there are a few products available, such as Vendome, which are gentler for babies.

Top Tips for the Sun

• Apply sunscreens liberally (1-1.5mm)
• Apply about half an hour before going out
• Remember to re-apply frequently and after swimming or excessive sweating
• Remember to re-apply if rubbing with a towel or wearing clothes
• Apply even if overcast (especially in Hong Kong. I have seen many badly burnt babies over the years)
• Watch out for allergic reactions to sunscreens. Products containing Benzophenones and PBA’s can cause this.
• Stay away from the midday sun
• Sun exposure is more intense closer to the equator, in the mountains and in the summer
• The sun’s damaging effects are increased by reflection from water, white sand and snow.
• High risk areas are lips, nose and shoulders
• Remember to apply sun cream to the scalp if not wearing a hat.
• Don’t forget to apply cream to your feet, especially if sun bathing
• Encourage children to wear UV protective clothing i.e. By Bodyguard. Make sure they offer high protection, even when wet, such as C-Tex TM. Some makes use removable tags on their garments, which can be sent for periodic testing to re-affirm the UPF (ultra violet Protection Factor) rating.
• Stay away from windows. UVA can penetrate glass.
• Use sunglasses conforming to British standard 2724, or equivalent, to protect eyes against sun damage, that is thought to speed cataract formation and degeneration of the retina. Baby Banz and kids Banz products are available in Hong Kong.

Although this all seems a lot to remember it is well worth being careful. A sun burnt child will suffer real agony and will not enjoy the rest of the holiday. Finally, remember to encourage everyone to drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration. Have a great summer!

Yvonne Heavyside from The Family Zone